{"id":19017,"date":"2025-09-05T02:55:05","date_gmt":"2025-09-05T02:55:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.koktailmagazine.com\/?p=19017"},"modified":"2025-09-05T02:55:07","modified_gmt":"2025-09-05T02:55:07","slug":"saving-ancient-cultures-through-wiki-clicks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.koktailmagazine.com\/th\/2025\/09\/05\/saving-ancient-cultures-through-wiki-clicks\/","title":{"rendered":"Saving Ancient Cultures through Wiki Clicks"},"content":{"rendered":"

VERY THAI: In this regular column, author Philip Cornwel-Smith explores popular culture and topics related to his best-selling books Very Thai and Very Bangkok. As Thailand passes a new law protecting ethnic minorities, this column, he explores the Princess Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, which records and promotes ethnic cultures at a time of risk and hope. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thailand has always been a multi-ethnic place, yet for the first time a new law puts that fact in writing. The Act on the Protection and Promotion of the Way of Life of Ethnic Groups will go into effect soon, when published in the Royal Gazette. Remarkably, Parliament passed the bill with huge majorities, after decades as a contentious issue that had seemed insoluble. That this liberal measure passed during a border conflict \u2013 with ethnic insults drenching social media \u2013 is even more astounding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The bill resulted from years of effort from communities, civil society and state agencies. It covered so many departments \u2013 interior to defence, education to welfare, culture to commerce \u2013  that it was hard to coordinate. National-minded officials weren\u2019t focused on minorities \u2013 and were arguably a source of problems the bill sought to solve. So this thorny knot landed on the desk of the Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre (SAC). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
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Many campaigns like \u2018Our Roots Right Now\u2019 have led to a new ethnic protection law.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Anthropologists to the Rescue!<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

This public organisation, under the Ministry of Culture since 2000, had been quietly accumulating expertise in local cultures since its founding in 1994 by Silpakorn University. The SAC researches from local people directly, funds scholars and works with universities on ethnic studies \u2013\u2013 a popular cause of this era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The SAC hadn\u2019t been engaged politically, but its earnest diligence was ideal for defusing tensions. They networked with communities, provided essential data, and helped initiate a draft along with the Indigenous Peoples Council of Thailand, Move Forward Party, the parliamentary committee, and the community rights network P-Move (the People\u2019s Movement for a Just Society). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
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Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre in Taling Chan, Bangkok.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

One Word Makes the Difference<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

What got the bill through the conservative senate were crucial word changes: \u201cindigenous,\u201d used throughout drafting, became \u201cethnic,\u201d while \u201cgroups of people\u201d was specified as \u201cgroups of Thais.\u201d Those tweaks enable the fair and equal treatment of minorities to go ahead, while skirting awkward questions of legitimacy, allegiance or who counts as native. Guardians of state unity couldn\u2019t countenance restive Malays in the Deep South being recognised as indigenous. Besides, \u201cethnic\u201d is more inclusive. It also embraces peoples who settled here after the Tai tribes, notably Chinese, Lao, Shan, Karen and Hill Tribes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
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Hill tribes in Chiang Dao buy costume supplies in a market.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Categorising all minorities as subcultures under \u201cThai\u201d is a less strict version of an old rule. Since 1905, the census has not allowed \u201cLao\u201d as an ethnicity, so that 40% of the population had to put \u201cThai.\u201d Among the 12 Cultural Mandates imposed by the dictator Phibun Songkhram in 1939-42 are strictures that all citizens are \u201cThai\u201d and couldn\u2019t even divide that by, say, Northern or Southern Thai. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
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Ethnicities have often been regimented into a rigid identity, as at this Thainess Fair.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Minority rights vex some nationalists. Cultural Mandates still inform official statements, but that nation-building effort has mellowed to allow regional pride, albeit under possessive labels like Thai-Isaan or Lanna-Thai. A major reason for codifying official Thainess was to acculturate millions of Chinese sojourners. Once that was achieved by the 1990s, Chinese and other ethnicities gained confidence to express secondary identities under Thainess. This Act doesn\u2019t seek disunity, but rather brings marginalised ethnic groups under that umbrella of acceptance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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A Northern Tai Yuan ethnic minority in Ratchaburi. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Salvaging Traditions Before They Disappear<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Over the decades, imposition of Central Thai norms and the neglect of minorities has put Thailand\u2019s cultural diversity at risk. Coverage of ethnic ways invariably describes them as \u201cfading,\u201d \u201cthreatened\u201d or \u201cdisappearing.\u201d Many changes contribute to that erosion, not least TV, social media and modern consumerism. When teens can become TikTok hosts, who wants to carve teak, sew costumes or apprentice to a master of puppetry?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thailand had been slow to value and document cultures at risk. Then the 1997 economic crash forced a reliance on indigenous resources. A revival in phum panya<\/em> (local wisdom) sparked the Thai design and spa industries, infused fashion and spurred initiatives like OTOP to market village crafts for contemporary use. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
The Northern tradition of Hercules beetle contests.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Exploring Oral History Online<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

It became urgent to record the lore that was dying with its last practitioners. TCDC (Thailand Creative & Design Centre) has done some oral history. Most extensively, SAC has been compiling a database of ethnic community traditions, WikiChumchon (WikiCommunity (https:\/\/wikicommunity.sac.or.th). It is open to all, and automatically translatable. The headings are based on the \u201c7 Tools\u201d that anthropologists use with locals to discover their kinship charts, life stories, history, calendar, organisation and cultural capital. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201cMany communities have a person or group who work on this,\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

notes Suniti Chuthamas, an SAC anthropologist I first met on a community tour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201cWe also give funding to locals to collect their own stories, data, objects and other things. Our teams go to help them, but some work with a local university. Professors send students to help with the fieldwork.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

What the villagers upload then gets checked by scholars and edited to ensure accuracy. As a way to stimulate oral history, SAC gets residents to hand-draw maps. The map for Baan Khongkha on the Mae Khlong River reveals insider details like the shrines, boat noodle shop and landmark tree species. As Suniti says:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201cSome of the entries are very rich. We have become a reference for the whole country.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n
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Baan Chang Lor in the WikiChumchon site, with automatic translation. Image from SAC.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Turning Tradition Into Treasure<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The Act aims to protect and promote, which seems ambitious, but the process of research can spark initiatives. Some communities didn\u2019t realise what they have is special \u2013 or couldn\u2019t express it in relatable ways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201cAt Masjid Bang Or in Charansanitwong, the elders and the younger generation cannot talk to each other very well,\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Suniti explained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201cThe community wrote that their food is simple, but our researchers noticed they have a really unique cuisine. So we used cooking as a way to connect elders and the young, through teaching the recipe for their tomato biriyani. Their own food and culture then become valuable in their community.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Once value becomes apparent, momentum can build naturally, as Suniti elaborates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201dMasyid Bang Or formed an alliance with Buddhist temples around there like Wat Arwut. Every month they present their own cultures to the public in a festival. People from around Taling Chan and Bang Phlad go there for food and cultural talks. Auntie Urai Mohammad is the one who demonstrates how to cook rhum<\/em>, a net pancake made from egg stuffed with shrimp, coconut and cilantro. This delicate snack was mentioned by King Rama II. It\u2019s starting to disappear, but this community keep it strong, and they\u2019re are famous for it now!\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\n
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Rare foods produced by the Bang Aor Mosque community. Image from SAC.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Finding Community Cultures in Person<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In WikiChumchon you can find the sites by searching their kind, whether rural, urban, suburban, moo baan estates, downtown (like the Prachanaruemit woodworker street) or community networks. Or you can also browse a zoomable map marking all 2299 sites. If you\u2019re travelling somewhere, look in WikiChumchon for added depth on the area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Some of Isaan’s minorities performing in Nakhon Phanom.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Visiting Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Anyone can visit SAC\u2019s building itself, which is a short ride from the MRT. They hold workshops, seminars and an anthropology conference every July. Year-round they host permanent and temporary exhibitions in the building and caf\u00e9. The current show, \u2018Sail the Seven Seas,\u2019 about Southeast Asia from 9th to 14th century Arab-Persian Accounts, was based on Suniti\u2019s book. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The extensive library has antique palm-leaf manuscripts and epigraphy of ancient inscriptions, which are all digitised. Some collectors and researchers donate their invaluable materials. SAC also do joint projects with \u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise d\u2019Extr\u00eame-Orient, which has an office there. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
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Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre is easy to access digitally or in person.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Becoming Cultural Fluent<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Under the previous director, Dr. Komatra Chuengsatiansup, the SAC gained a higher profile with more user-friendly engagement. The new director, Asst. Prof. Prae Sirisakdamkerng, hailing from Silpakorn, has been active in peace-making in the Deep South. She is an advocate of \u2018cultural fluency\u2019 \u2013 the ability to navigate multiple cultures with sensitivity and acceptance. For the Act to succeed, Thailand will surely need to be more culturally fluent. As those ethnic sub cultures get recorded and legally recognised, next comes the really hard job: preserving those traditions and nurturing their potential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre<\/p>\n\n\n\n

20 Borommaratchachonnani Road, Taling Chan, Bangkok 10170<\/p>\n\n\n\n

02-880 9332, www.sac.or.th<\/a>, <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Monday-Friday 8am-17pm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This twice-monthly column, Very Thai, is syndicated by River Books, publisher of Philip Cornwel-Smith\u2019s bestselling books Very Thai: Everyday Popular Culture<\/em> and Very Bangkok: In the City of the Senses<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The views expressed by the author of this column are his own and do not necessarily reflect the views of Koktail magazine.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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VERY THAI: In this regular column, author Philip Cornwel-Smith explores popular culture and topics related to his best-selling books Very Thai and Very Bangkok. As Thailand passes a new law protecting ethnic minorities, this column, he explores the Princess Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, which records and promotes ethnic cultures at a time of risk and hope.  […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":19135,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[51,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19017","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lifestyle","category-living"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSaving Ancient Cultures through Wiki Clicks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"VERY THAI: In this regular column, author Philip Cornwel-Smith explores popular culture and topics related to his best-selling books Very Thai and Very\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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